Fig. 2

Effect of single dNTP depletion imbalance on HIV-1 infection in macrophages. Human primary monocyte-derived macrophages prepared from four healthy donors were cultured with and without a mixture of dA (2.5 mM), dT (2.5 mM) and dG (1 mM), and used for each experiment: a dNTP level measurement, b transduction efficiency measurement of HIV-1 GFP vector, c 2-LTR circle DNA copy number assay from the GFP vector transduced cells, and d p24 level assay with infectious HIV-1 89.6 were conducted as described in Fig. 1. “x” indicates untreated dNTPs. NT no dN treatment. The measurement ratios were normalized with the no treatment (NT) conditions, and marked at the top of each readout. The data are the mean of three independent experiments and error bars represent the standard deviation from the mean. *p-value < 0.05, **p-value < 0.01